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Johnson, David and Dee, Henry eds. (2022). 'I See You': The Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union of Africa, 1919-1930. Southern African Historical Documents, 3 (4). Cape Town: Historical Publications Southern Africa.
URL: https://hipsa.org.za/publication/i-see-you-the-ind...
Abstract
Founded in 1919, the Industrial and Commercial Workers Union of Africa (ICU) was the largest black political and trade-union organisation in Southern Africa in the 1920s. With well over 100,000 members in South Africa alone, the ICU eclipsed the African National Congress and Communist Party of South Africa before its precipitous decline at the end of the decade. This volume makes available a wide selection of documents charting the ICU's struggles, achievements, defeats, and legacies. Through newspaper articles, pamphlets, letters, poems, speeches, cartoons, and memoirs, the ICU's history is recounted in the words of its leaders and rank-and-file members, as well as its passionate suporters and implacable enemies.