Modular gracious labellings of trees

Grannell, M.J.; Griggs, T.S. and Holroyd, F.C. (2001). Modular gracious labellings of trees. Discrete Mathematics, 231(1-3) pp. 199–219.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-365X(00)00318-6

Abstract

A gracious labelling g of a tree is a graceful labelling in which, treating the tree as a bipartite graph, the label of any edge (d,u) (d a 'down' and u an 'up' vertex) is g(u) - g(d). A gracious k-labelling is one such that each residue class modulo k has teh 'correct' numbers of vertex and edge labels -- that is, the numbers that arise by interpreting the labels of a gracious labelling modulo k. In this paper it is shown that every non-null tree has a gracious k-labelling for each k = 2,3,4,5.

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