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Kukulska-Hulme, Agnes
(2019).
Abstract
The paper reflects on the evolution of mobile language learning and maps the emerging territory of mobile and smart assistance. The concept of ‘mobile assistance’ is a useful way to frame the ways in which mobile devices and applications can provide ad hoc or ongoing support to language learners inside and outside the classroom. The paper outlines various forms of assistance. As intelligent assistants become increasingly available, the learning landscape continues to evolve. An intelligent assistant might amplify human capabilities, or it might hinder their development. Language learners and their teachers are thus caught up in complex scenarios of newly available technologies that are impacting learning practices.