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Papaioannou, Theo; Watkins, Andrew and Kale, Dinar
(2015).
Abstract
Integrating political, industrial and healthcare systems has been a major challenge for politics of innovation and development in low and middle income countries. This challenge has so far been understood in terms of separate industrial and health related innovation policies without paying adequate attention to the institutional roles of biopharmaceutical and other umbrella associations. This paper seeks to examine such roles in the developmental contexts of South Africa and India. The argument put forward is that in both countries biopharmaceutical and umbrella associations have evolved from lobbying organisations to institutional partners who influence the politics of innovation and development, and therefore the degree of integration and fragmentation of political, industrial and health innovation systems.