Small molecule inhibitors of Aβ-aggregation and neurotoxicity

Hawkes, Cheryl A.; Ng, Vivian and McLaurin, JoAnne (2009). Small molecule inhibitors of Aβ-aggregation and neurotoxicity. Drug Development Research, 70(2) pp. 111–124.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.20290

Abstract

Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by extracellular amyloid deposits composed of Aβ peptide, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) made up of hyperphosphorylated tau, and a deficit of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Presently, only symptomatic therapies are available for the treatment of AD and these therapies have a limited time frame of utility. Amyloid disorders represent the effects of chronic Aβ production and are not a secondary pathological effect caused by a distant trigger; therefore targeting Aβ is a viable pursuit. In this review, we will discuss the various small molecule anti-aggregation inhibitors that have been reported in the literature, with emphasis on compounds that are presently being investigated in clinical trials.

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