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Ojo, Joseph O.; Rezaie, Payam; Gabbott, Paul and Stewart, Michael G.
(2015).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2015.00057
Abstract
Aging is one of the greatest risk factors for the development of sporadic age-related neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation is a common feature of this disease phenotype. In the immunoprivileged brain, neuroglial cells, which mediate neuroinflammatory responses, are influenced by the physiological factors in the microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS). These physiological factors include but are not limited to cell-to-cell communication involving cell adhesion molecules, neuronal electrical activity and neurotransmitter and neuromodulator action. However, despite this dynamic control of neuroglial activity, in the healthy aged brain there is an alteration in the underlying neuroinflammatory response notably seen in the hippocampus, typified by astrocyte/microglia activation and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and signaling. These changes may occur without any overt concurrent pathology, however, they typically correlate with deteriorations in hippocamapal or cognitive function. In this review we examine two important phenomenons, firstly the relationship between age-related brain deterioration (focusing on hippocampal function) and underlying neuroglial response(s), and secondly how the latter affects molecular and cellular processes within the hippocampus that makes it vulnerable to age-related cognitive decline.
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About
- Item ORO ID
- 43619
- Item Type
- Journal Item
- ISSN
- 1663-4365
- Project Funding Details
-
Funded Project Name Project ID Funding Body MemStick 201600 EU FP7 Not Set BB/J021687/1 BBSRC Promemoria 512012 EU FP6 - Extra Information
- 16 pp.
- Keywords
- aging; microglia; astrocytes; neuroinflammation; hippocampus; cognition
- Academic Unit or School
-
Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) > Life, Health and Chemical Sciences
Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) - Copyright Holders
- © 2015 Ojo, Rezaie, Gabbott and Stewart
- Depositing User
- Michael Stewart