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Lu, W.J.; Zhang, X.F. and Qin, Rongshan
(2015).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.09.104
Abstract
κ-carbide hardening in a ferrite–austenite duplex low-density Fe–Mn–Al–C steel has been investigated as a function of annealing temperature in a range between 500 °C and 900 °C. Fine microstructure containing thin lamellar κ-carbides in austenite and dispersed nano-scale particulate κ-carbides in ferrite were formed in a temperature below 600 °C. This led to a high hardness. The steel was soften drastically at the higher annealing temperature. This is due to the formation of boundary κ-carbides, discontinuous coarsened κ-carbides, and spheroidized κ-carbides. The κ-carbides inside ferrite grain were transformed into austenite at 800 °C. The κ-carbides within austenite grain were dissolved at 900 °C. The κ-carbides are found to have a close to Nishiyama–Wasserman orientation relationship with the ferrite matrix.