Mix design and fresh properties for high-performance printing concrete

Le, T. T.; Austin, S. A.; Lim, S.; Buswell, R. A.; Gibb, A. G. F. and Thorpe, A. (2012). Mix design and fresh properties for high-performance printing concrete. RILEM Materials & Structures, 45(8) pp. 1221–1232.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-012-9828-z

URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1617/s11527-01...

Abstract

This paper presents the experimental results concerning the mix design and fresh properties of a high-performance fibre-reinforced fine-aggregate concrete for printing concrete. This concrete has been designed to be extruded through a nozzle to build layer-by-layer structural components. The printing process is a novel digitally controlled additive manufacturing method which can build architectural and structural components without formwork, unlike conventional concrete construction methods. The most critical fresh properties are shown to be extrud- ability and buildability, which have mutual relation- ships with workability and open time. These properties are significantly influenced by the mix proportions and the presence of superplasticiser, retarder, accelerator and polypropylene fibres. An optimum mix is identi- fied and validated by the full-scale manufacture of a bench component.

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