Comparing a single case to a control sample: testing for neuropsychological deficits and dissociations in the presence of covariates

Crawford, John R.; Garthwaite, Paul H. and Ryan, Kevin (2011). Comparing a single case to a control sample: testing for neuropsychological deficits and dissociations in the presence of covariates. Cortex, 47(10) pp. 1166–1178.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2011.02.017

Abstract

Existing inferential methods of testing for a deficit or dissociation in the single case are extended to allow researchers to control for the effects of covariates. The new (Bayesian) methods provide a significance test, point and interval estimates of the effect size for the difference between the case and controls, and point and interval estimates of the abnormality of a case’s score, or standardized score difference. The methods have a wide range of potential applications, e.g., they can provide a means of increasing the statistical power to detect deficits or dissociations, or can be used to test whether differences between a case and controls survive partialling out the effects of potential confounding variables. The methods are implemented in a series of computer programs for PCs (these can be downloaded from www.abdn.ac.uk/~psy086/dept/Single_Case_Covariates.htm). Illustrative examples of the methods are provided.

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