When can muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating constrain the timing of metamorphic exhumation?

Warren, Clare; Hanke, Felix and Kelley, Simon (2012). When can muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating constrain the timing of metamorphic exhumation? Chemical Geology, 291 pp. 79–86.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.09.017

Abstract

Metamorphic cooling rates determined using muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages underpin many tectonic models, but are based on several simplifying approximations. We demonstrate that a number of these approximations, especially those relating to the assignment of a single “closure temperature”, might not hold for certain metamorphic scenarios, and particularly for metamorphism during rapid orogenic cycles. Using numerical diffusion models that include a recently reported significant pressure dependence of Ar diffusion in muscovite, we systematically interrogate the approximations associated with linking ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dates to pressure-temperature histories. The results of the simulations are presented in a simple graphic form allowing evaluation of the pressure-temperature (PT) regions in which Ar diffusion is efficient, and hence those in which the muscovite may yield true ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar cooling ages. We suggest that a robust method for determining whether metamorphic muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages relate to the timing of cooling involves: (1) the determination of the PT conditions and relative timing of muscovite crystallization during the metamorphic cycle, (2) the collection of high precision and high spatial resolution ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar data from muscovite grains and (3) the comparison between analytical data and numerical diffusion models which test different post-crystallisation pressure-temperature histories.

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