Type A behavior and risk of all-cause mortality, CAD, and CAD-related mortality, in a type 1 diabetes population: 22 years of follow-up in the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study

Fickley, Catherine; Lloyd, Cathy; Costacou, Tina; Miller, Rachel and Orchard, Trevor (2013). Type A behavior and risk of all-cause mortality, CAD, and CAD-related mortality, in a type 1 diabetes population: 22 years of follow-up in the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study. Diabetes Care, 36(10) pp. 2974–2980.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-0266

Abstract

Objective To determine whether type A behavior predicts all cause mortality and incident coronary artery disease (CAD) in a type 1 diabetes population.

Research Design and Methods Twenty-two year follow-up data from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study of childhood onset type 1 diabetes were analyzed for the 506 participants who completed the Bortner Rating Scale (measuring type A myocardial infarction as determined by hospital records/ Q waves on ECG, CAD death behavior) and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) at baseline (1986-1988). CAD comprised (determined by a mortality classification committee), angiographic stenosis, ischemic ECG and angina.

Results There were 128 deaths (25.3%) during follow-up. Univariate analysis showed an inverse relationship between Bortner scores and all cause mortality (p=0.01) which remained significant after allowing for age, sex, duration, HbA_1c, education, smoking, BMI, and physical activity (p=0.03). However, the addition of BDI scores attenuated the relationship (p=0.11) with a significant interaction (p=0.03) such that any protective effect against mortality was limited among individuals with lower BDI scores (bottom 3 quintiles) (p=0.07), while no effect was seen in those with higher BDI (p=0.97). Bortner scores showed only a borderline association with incident CAD (p=0.09).

Conclusions Those with higher type A behavior have lower all-cause mortality in our type 1 diabetes population, an effect that interacts with depressive symptomatology such that it is only operative in those with low BDI scores. Further research should focus on understanding this interaction.

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About

• Item ORO ID
• 39155
• Item Type
• Journal Item
• ISSN
• 1935-5548
• Keywords
• type 1 diabetes; type A behaviour; mortality
• Academic Unit or School
• Faculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies (WELS) > Health, Wellbeing and Social Care
  Faculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies (WELS)
• Copyright Holders
• © 2013 American Diabetes Association
• Depositing User
• Cathy Lloyd